What Happens When You Stop Tirzepatide? Weight Regain Guide

Tirzepatide can produce substantial weight loss by reducing appetite, increasing fullness and improving metabolic control. However, many patients eventually ask an important question:

What happens when you stop tirzepatide?

Clinical studies provide a fairly consistent answer. Hunger often increases again, food intake may become harder to control and some of the lost weight is likely to return. Improvements in blood pressure, blood sugar, waist circumference and cholesterol may also become less pronounced as weight is regained.

This does not mean that everyone returns immediately to their original weight. It also does not mean that stopping tirzepatide causes a dangerous withdrawal reaction. The main issue is that the medication's appetite-regulating and metabolic effects gradually disappear, while the biological drivers of weight gain may remain.

The SURMOUNT-4 trial provides the most direct evidence about tirzepatide weight regain. After an initial 36 weeks of treatment, participants who stopped tirzepatide regained an average of 14% of their body weight over the following year. Participants who continued treatment lost a further 5.5%.

The STEP 1 extension, which studied semaglutide rather than tirzepatide, found a similar pattern. Participants regained approximately two-thirds of their previous weight loss during the year after semaglutide was withdrawn, while several cardiometabolic improvements moved back towards baseline.

For patients using weight-loss injections in Singapore, the practical message is that tirzepatide should usually be started with a long-term plan — not as a short course before a holiday, wedding or special event.

What Happens When You Stop Tirzepatide? The Quick Answer

Understanding Tirzepatide and Why Its Effects May Not Last After Stopping

Tirzepatide is a once-weekly injectable medicine that activates receptors for two naturally occurring gut hormones:

• Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, or GIP

• Glucagon-like peptide-1, or GLP-1

These hormonal pathways affect appetite, food intake, blood sugar and digestion. During treatment, many patients feel full after smaller meals, experience fewer cravings and find it easier to maintain a calorie deficit.

When the medication is discontinued, these pharmacological effects gradually fade. The person is no longer receiving the same degree of appetite regulation, even though the biological and environmental factors that contributed to weight gain may still be present.

These factors may include:

• Genetic susceptibility to obesity

• Increased hunger after weight loss

• Reduced energy expenditure at a lower body weight

• Insulin resistance

• Poor sleep

• Obstructive sleep apnoea

• Stress or emotional eating

• Medications that promote weight gain

• An environment where calorie-dense food is readily available

• Reduced mobility or physical activity

This is why stopping tirzepatide can feel different from completing a short course of antibiotics. Obesity is increasingly managed as a chronic, relapsing condition, and international guidance now describes GLP-1-based medicines as potential long-term treatments when they remain effective, safe and appropriate.

What Did the SURMOUNT-4 Trial Find?

SURMOUNT-4 was designed specifically to examine whether weight loss achieved with tirzepatide could be maintained after the medication was withdrawn.

The trial included adults with obesity, or overweight with at least one weight-related health condition. Participants with diabetes were excluded. Everyone initially received tirzepatide for 36 weeks, together with dietary and physical-activity counselling.

During the first 36 weeks, participants lost an average of:

20.9% of their starting body weight.

At week 36, 670 participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups:

1. Continue tirzepatide for another 52 weeks

2. Stop tirzepatide and receive placebo for another 52 weeks

Both groups continued to receive lifestyle counselling.

SURMOUNT-4 results

From week 36 to week 88:

• Those who continued tirzepatide lost another 5.5%

• Those who stopped tirzepatide regained 14.0%

By the end of the full 88-week study:

• The continued-treatment group had lost an average of 25.3% from their original weight

• The withdrawal group remained an average of 9.9% below their original weight

This means the group that stopped did not, on average, return completely to baseline within the study period. However, they regained a substantial proportion of the weight they had initially lost.

How many maintained most of their weight loss?

At week 88:

• 89.5% of participants who continued tirzepatide maintained at least 80% of their initial weight loss

• Only 16.6% of those who stopped maintained at least 80% of their initial weight loss

The results suggest that continued treatment makes weight-loss maintenance substantially more likely.

An Example of What the SURMOUNT-4 Numbers Mean

Imagine a person begins treatment at 100 kg.

A 20.9% reduction during the first 36 weeks would bring the person to approximately 79.1 kg.

A subsequent 14% increase from that lower weight would bring the person to approximately 90.2 kg.

The person would still be lighter than at the beginning, but would have regained a significant part of the initial reduction.

This example is only an illustration. Individual results can differ considerably depending on starting weight, treatment duration, dose, appetite changes, activity, diet, sleep, medical conditions and the level of support available after stopping.

Most Participants Regained at Least Some Weight

A later analysis of SURMOUNT-4 examined the amount of weight regained by participants who had stopped tirzepatide after achieving at least 10% weight loss.

One year after stopping:

82% had regained at least one-quarter of the weight they had initially lost.

However, the amount of regain varied:

• Some regained less than 25% of their lost weight

• Some regained between 25% and 50%

• Some regained between 50% and 75%

• Some regained at least 75%

The findings show that weight regain is common but not identical for everyone. A minority maintained most of their improvement, while others regained much more.

What Happened to Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and Blood Sugar?

Tirzepatide treatment in SURMOUNT-4 was associated with improvements in several cardiometabolic measurements, including:

• Waist circumference

• Blood pressure

• Fasting glucose

• HbA1c

• Fasting insulin

• Insulin resistance

• Triglycerides

• Non-HDL cholesterol

After tirzepatide was withdrawn, participants who regained more weight generally experienced a greater reversal of these improvements.

In the later SURMOUNT-4 analysis, systolic blood pressure increased by approximately 7 to 10 mmHg across the groups that regained at least 25% of their initial weight loss. Waist circumference and HbA1c also increased progressively as the amount of weight regain increased.

Participants who regained less than 25% generally maintained more of their improvements in waist circumference, cholesterol, fasting insulin and insulin resistance.

This suggests that the loss of metabolic benefits after stopping tirzepatide is closely related to how much weight returns. It does not necessarily mean that the medication causes blood pressure or cholesterol to rebound independently of weight regain. If you would like to understand why those cardiometabolic numbers matter, our guide to weight-loss injections and heart health explains the cardiovascular side.

Why Is the STEP 1 Extension Relevant?

The STEP 1 extension did not study tirzepatide. It studied semaglutide 2.4 mg, a GLP-1 receptor agonist used for weight management.

It is relevant because it answers a similar question: what happens after a highly effective appetite-regulating injection is withdrawn?

In the original STEP 1 trial, adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes received semaglutide or placebo for 68 weeks, together with lifestyle intervention.

A subgroup was then followed for another year after the trial medication and structured lifestyle support ended.

During treatment, the semaglutide group lost an average of approximately 17.3% of body weight. During the following year without medication, participants regained an average of 11.6 percentage points.

By the end of the extension, the average net reduction from the original starting weight was approximately 5.6%.

In other words, participants regained around two-thirds of the weight they had lost during treatment. Improvements in several cardiometabolic risk factors also moved back towards baseline.

SURMOUNT-4 versus STEP 1 extension

The studies should not be treated as a direct comparison between tirzepatide and semaglutide. They had different designs and participant groups.

Together, however, they support the broader principle that medication-assisted weight loss commonly requires ongoing treatment or a strong maintenance strategy.

Does Stopping Tirzepatide Cause Withdrawal Symptoms?

Tirzepatide is not considered addictive and is not known to cause the type of physical withdrawal syndrome associated with substances such as alcohol, opioids or benzodiazepines.

Patients do not usually need to taper tirzepatide to prevent dependency-related withdrawal symptoms.

What may occur is the return of the problems the medicine was treating:

• Hunger

• Cravings

• Larger portion sizes

• Higher blood sugar

• Weight gain

• Worsening control of diabetes-related risk factors

Some people describe the returning appetite as a "rebound". However, this is better understood as a loss of the medication's appetite-suppressing effect combined with the body's normal biological response to weight loss.

Patients should still avoid stopping tirzepatide without discussing it with their prescribing doctor, especially when it is being used for type 2 diabetes.

Official patient guidance advises speaking with the treating clinician before discontinuation.

Will Your Appetite Return Immediately?

Not necessarily.

Tirzepatide is a long-acting weekly medicine, so its effects do not disappear the day after the last injection. Appetite and food cravings may increase gradually over the following weeks.

Patients may notice:

• Thinking about food more frequently

• Becoming hungry sooner between meals

• Feeling less satisfied by smaller portions

• Finding high-calorie food more tempting

• Increased snacking

• Greater difficulty maintaining a calorie deficit

The timing and intensity vary. Some people notice little change initially, while others experience a clearer return of hunger.

This is one reason maintenance planning should begin before the last dose rather than after substantial weight has already returned.

Can Anyone Maintain the Weight Loss After Stopping?

Yes, some patients maintain a substantial proportion of their weight loss after stopping tirzepatide.

In the later SURMOUNT-4 analysis, 18% of participants maintained enough of their initial reduction to regain less than 25% of the weight they had lost over the following year.

However, the trial was not designed to identify a guaranteed method for predicting who would succeed.

Factors that may support maintenance include:

• A structured nutrition plan

• Regular resistance exercise

• Continued aerobic activity

• Adequate sleep

• Treatment of sleep apnoea

• High-protein, high-fibre meals

• Self-monitoring of weight and waist circumference

• Support from a doctor or dietitian

• Early intervention when weight begins to return

• Management of stress and emotional eating

• Maintaining a home and work environment that supports healthier choices

These strategies may improve the chances of maintenance, but they cannot fully remove the biological pressure towards weight regain in every patient.

Weight regain after stopping is not proof of poor discipline. It reflects the chronic and relapsing nature of obesity.

How to Stop Tirzepatide Safely

There is currently no universally accepted, trial-proven tapering schedule that reliably prevents weight regain after stopping tirzepatide.

SURMOUNT-4 tested continued full treatment against medication withdrawal.

It did not test whether gradually lowering the dose, lengthening the interval between injections or using a very low maintenance dose would prevent regain.

A safe stopping plan should therefore be personalised according to why the medication was prescribed, why it is being stopped and what other medical conditions are present.

1. Discuss why you want to stop

Common reasons include:

• Reaching a comfortable weight

• Treatment cost

• Medication availability

• Nausea or digestive side effects

• Pregnancy planning

• An upcoming medical procedure

• Concern about long-term treatment

• Inadequate weight loss

• Difficulty maintaining adequate food intake

• Loss of too much muscle or strength

• A change in medical condition

The safest strategy depends on the reason. Someone stopping because of severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting or a serious allergic reaction requires a different plan from someone stopping because they have reached a stable weight.

2. Review whether stopping is the best option

Reaching a target weight does not automatically mean that treatment is no longer working or no longer needed.

Blood pressure medication is not usually stopped simply because blood pressure has improved while taking it. In the same way, weight stability during tirzepatide treatment may indicate that the medicine is successfully controlling the condition.

Possible approaches to discuss with a doctor include:

• Continuing the current effective dose

• Using a lower tolerated dose

• Switching to a different weight-management treatment

• Stopping treatment with structured follow-up

• Treating an adverse effect before deciding to stop

• Reviewing whether the person still meets the medical indication

Evidence is strongest for continued regular treatment. Lower-dose or extended-interval maintenance strategies are sometimes discussed in clinical practice, but they have not been established by SURMOUNT-4 as equivalent to approved weekly treatment.

3. Do not stop diabetes treatment without a glucose plan

This is particularly important for patients using tirzepatide for type 2 diabetes.

Stopping can lead to:

• Higher fasting glucose

• Higher after-meal glucose

• Rising HbA1c

• Return of diabetes symptoms

• A need to adjust other diabetes medicines

Patients taking insulin or sulfonylureas may have had those medicines reduced when tirzepatide was started. They may require reassessment when tirzepatide is stopped.

NICE guidance advises that people with type 2 diabetes may require closer glucose monitoring and adjustment of other diabetes medicines when tirzepatide treatment changes. A doctor may recommend home glucose monitoring and a repeat HbA1c, depending on the patient's usual diabetes control.

4. Record a maintenance baseline

Before stopping, record:

• Current weight

• Waist circumference

• Blood pressure

• HbA1c or fasting glucose when relevant

• Cholesterol results when relevant

• Current eating pattern

• Exercise routine

• Tirzepatide dose

• Other medications

• A realistic maintenance range

A single exact target weight can create unnecessary anxiety. A maintenance range is often more practical.

For example, a patient and doctor may decide that an increase of 2% to 3% from the lowest stable weight is a signal to review habits, while a larger regain may trigger a medical reassessment. The thresholds should be individualised and should not encourage excessive or compulsive weight monitoring.

5. Prepare for increased hunger

Do not assume that the same portions that felt satisfying during treatment will remain satisfying after stopping.

A practical meal structure may include:

• A source of protein at each main meal

• Vegetables, fruit, pulses or whole grains for fibre

• Regular meals rather than prolonged restriction followed by overeating

• Water and other low-calorie fluids

• Planned snacks where needed

• Fewer highly processed foods that are easy to overconsume

• Awareness of liquid calories

• Slower eating and attention to fullness signals

The aim is not to reproduce the medication's effects through extreme dieting. Severe calorie restriction can increase hunger, fatigue and loss of lean mass, making maintenance more difficult.

6. Protect muscle mass

Weight loss from any method can include both fat and lean tissue.

Resistance training is particularly important during maintenance because it supports:

• Muscle strength

• Physical function

• Bone health

• Glucose control

• Long-term weight management

A reasonable programme may combine resistance exercise with walking, cycling, swimming or another form of aerobic activity. Patients who are older, frail, medically unwell or new to exercise should seek appropriate advice before beginning an intensive programme.

7. Monitor trends, not daily fluctuations

Body weight naturally changes with fluid intake, salt consumption, menstrual cycles, bowel movements, carbohydrate intake, exercise, travel and illness.

One higher reading does not necessarily represent fat regain. For many patients, weighing once or twice weekly under similar conditions provides more useful information than repeatedly checking throughout the day.

Look for a sustained upward trend over several weeks, especially when accompanied by increasing waist circumference, hunger or loss of metabolic control.

8. Arrange follow-up before problems develop

A practical follow-up schedule may include a review:

• Within the first month after stopping

• Again after approximately three months

• At six months

• Earlier if weight, glucose or blood pressure rises significantly

The exact schedule depends on the patient's health risks. Follow-up may review weight trend, waist circumference, appetite and cravings, blood pressure, diabetes control, cholesterol, sleep, emotional wellbeing, physical activity, muscle strength and whether another intervention is needed.

NICE recommends continued support for people who stop weight-management medication, including guidance to maintain dietary changes and physical activity.

9. Agree on a plan for early weight regain

Patients should not wait until all the weight has returned before seeking help.

Possible review triggers include:

• Persistent weight gain over several weeks

• Regaining a clinically meaningful proportion of the weight lost

• Return of uncontrolled hunger

• Rising blood pressure

• Worsening glucose or HbA1c

• Recurrence of sleep-apnoea symptoms

• Increasing joint pain or reduced mobility

• Emotional distress related to eating or weight

Early intervention may involve reassessing nutrition, physical activity, sleep, other medications and whether pharmacological treatment should be resumed or changed.

10. Avoid unregulated alternatives

Do not replace prescribed tirzepatide with products obtained through informal sellers, social-media accounts or sources that do not require a proper medical consultation.

In Singapore, tirzepatide was approved for adult weight management in June 2025. The local indication covers adults with a BMI of at least 30 kg/m², or a BMI from 27 to below 30 kg/m² with at least one weight-related health condition, used together with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity.

The World Health Organization has also warned that high demand for GLP-1-based treatments has contributed to falsified and substandard products entering the market.

Should You Taper Tirzepatide?

There are two separate questions:

1. Is tapering necessary to prevent a physical withdrawal syndrome?

2. Can tapering reduce hunger and weight regain?

3. 
   

There is no established dependency-type withdrawal syndrome that requires tirzepatide to be tapered for safety in the way that certain steroids, sedatives or antidepressants may require dose reduction.

However, whether gradual dose reduction helps with weight maintenance remains uncertain. Potentially, a gradual reduction could allow time to observe appetite changes and strengthen maintenance habits. But this has not been confirmed in large randomised trials, and no standard tapering protocol has been proven superior to stopping.

Patients should not create their own taper by:

• Taking irregular partial doses

• Guessing doses from a multidose pen

• Extending intervals without medical advice

• Combining leftover products

• Restarting immediately at a high dose after a long gap

Restarting after an extended interruption may require reassessment because gastrointestinal tolerance can change. The safest approach is to agree on a clinician-directed plan rather than following an online dose schedule designed for someone else.

When Might Tirzepatide Need to Be Stopped Promptly?

Patients should seek medical advice urgently if they experience symptoms suggestive of a serious adverse reaction, such as:

• Severe or persistent abdominal pain

• Repeated vomiting with inability to keep fluids down

• Signs of dehydration

• Swelling of the face, tongue or throat

• Difficulty breathing

• A widespread severe rash

• Symptoms of gallbladder disease

• Pregnancy while using the medication

Pregnancy requires prompt review because weight-loss pharmacotherapy is not recommended during pregnancy. Patients should not delay urgent treatment merely to complete a planned taper.

What If You Stop Because of Side Effects?

Not every side effect requires permanent discontinuation. Depending on the problem, a doctor may consider:

• Slowing dose escalation

• Returning to a previously tolerated dose

• Adjusting meal size or fat content

• Treating constipation

• Reviewing hydration

• Checking for gallbladder or pancreatic disease

• Reviewing other medicines that cause similar symptoms

• Switching to another treatment

Persistent vomiting, severe pain, dehydration and allergic symptoms require medical assessment rather than routine dietary advice. Our guide to managing weight-loss injection side effects covers these in more detail.

What If You Stop Because You Have Reached Your Goal Weight?

This is one of the most common reasons patients consider stopping.

Before doing so, ask:

• Has my weight been stable, or am I still losing?

• Am I able to eat enough protein and maintain strength?

• Have my blood pressure and blood sugar improved?

• Which benefits are likely to be lost if treatment stops?

• Was my original obesity mild or associated with significant complications?

• Can I afford and tolerate continued treatment?

• What happened during previous attempts to maintain weight loss?

• What is the plan if hunger returns?

For some patients, long-term treatment may offer more benefit than stopping. For others, discontinuation with close monitoring may be reasonable. The decision should be based on health outcomes, side effects, preferences, cost and long-term sustainability — not only the number shown on the scale. Our guide on maximising your results covers the habits that make a maintenance phase more likely to hold.

Is Weight Regain a Sign That Tirzepatide Damaged Your Metabolism?

No evidence from SURMOUNT-4 shows that tirzepatide permanently damages the metabolism.

Weight regain after stopping is more plausibly explained by:

• Removal of the medicine's appetite-regulating effects

• Biological adaptation to weight loss

• Increased hunger

• Reduced energy expenditure at a lower body weight

• Return of previous eating patterns

• Persistence of the original causes of obesity

Weight regain also occurs after lifestyle-only weight loss and after stopping other obesity medicines. The fact that continued tirzepatide maintained weight reduction while withdrawal led to regain supports the interpretation that treatment was controlling a chronic condition rather than permanently curing it.

How Long Should Tirzepatide Be Used?

There is no single correct duration for everyone.

Tirzepatide may be continued while it:

• Produces meaningful medical benefit

• Remains tolerable

• Remains safe for the patient

• Supports weight or diabetes control

• Aligns with the patient's preferences

• Is used with appropriate follow-up

Treatment should be reviewed if it is ineffective, causes unacceptable adverse effects, becomes medically unsuitable or cannot be continued for practical reasons.

NICE suggests reviewing whether tirzepatide should be continued when a patient has lost less than 5% of initial body weight after six months at the highest tolerated dose. However, local prescribing decisions in Singapore should follow the approved local indication and the treating doctor's clinical assessment.

Frequently Asked Questions

Will I regain all the weight after stopping tirzepatide?

Not necessarily. In SURMOUNT-4, the withdrawal group remained an average of 9.9% below its original weight after one year, but participants had regained a substantial portion of their earlier loss. Individual outcomes varied widely.

How quickly does weight return?

Weight regain usually develops over months rather than overnight. SURMOUNT-4 measured substantial regain over 52 weeks after withdrawal.

Will hunger come back?

It commonly does. Tirzepatide's effects on appetite and fullness diminish after treatment is stopped.

Does everyone need tirzepatide for life?

No. However, obesity is often chronic and may require long-term treatment. The decision depends on individual benefits, risks, tolerance, health conditions, preferences and access.

Can I stop tirzepatide suddenly?

There is no recognised dependency-type withdrawal syndrome requiring a standard taper. However, patients should speak with their prescribing doctor before stopping, particularly if tirzepatide is being used for diabetes.

Does tapering prevent weight regain?

This has not been established in a major randomised trial. SURMOUNT-4 compared continued treatment with withdrawal and did not test a gradual tapering protocol.

Can I take tirzepatide only when my weight increases?

Intermittent self-directed use has not been established as a safe or effective maintenance strategy. Restarting after a long break may also affect tolerability.

What happens to blood sugar when tirzepatide is stopped?

Blood sugar may rise, especially in people with type 2 diabetes. Other diabetes medicines may need reassessment.

Can exercise prevent all weight regain?

Exercise is valuable for health, muscle preservation and weight maintenance, but it may not completely offset returning hunger or biological pressure towards weight regain.

Is stopping easier after using tirzepatide for longer?

There is not yet enough evidence to say that a longer course makes successful discontinuation more likely. Long-term studies of different stopping strategies are still needed.

The Bottom Line

What happens when you stop tirzepatide?

For most patients, the medication's appetite-regulating effects gradually fade. Hunger and cravings may return, and some degree of weight regain is common.

SURMOUNT-4 found that adults who stopped tirzepatide after losing an average of 20.9% of their weight regained an average of 14% over the following year. Those who continued treatment lost a further 5.5%. Only 16.6% of those who stopped maintained at least 80% of their initial weight reduction.

The STEP 1 extension found a similar pattern after semaglutide withdrawal, with participants regaining approximately two-thirds of their earlier weight loss within a year.

These studies do not mean that tirzepatide must be taken permanently by every patient. They do show that it should not be approached as a temporary appetite suppressant without a maintenance plan.

Stopping safely involves reviewing the reason for stopping, protecting diabetes control, preparing for increased hunger, supporting muscle mass, monitoring weight and metabolic health, arranging follow-up and acting early if significant regain occurs.

Most importantly, weight regain should not be treated as a personal failure. It is a predictable biological response that deserves appropriate medical support.

Medical Weight Management at Nee Soon Clinic

Patients considering starting, continuing or stopping tirzepatide can benefit from an individual medical review. At Nee Soon Clinic, a weight-management assessment may include weight and waist measurements, blood pressure, blood sugar and diabetes risk, cholesterol and cardiovascular risk, a review of current medication, side-effect assessment, nutrition and activity planning, muscle-preservation strategies, a personalised treatment or discontinuation plan, and follow-up after treatment is stopped.

If you are thinking about stopping, reducing or continuing tirzepatide, a short consultation can help you do it in a planned way that protects your results.

Learn more about our medical weight-loss programme.

Tirzepatide is a prescription medication. Suitability, treatment duration and stopping plans should be determined with a qualified medical practitioner.

References

1. Aronne LJ, et al. Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-4 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2024.

2. Horn DB, et al. Cardiometabolic Parameter Change by Weight Regain on Tirzepatide Withdrawal in Adults With Obesity: A Post Hoc Analysis of the SURMOUNT-4 Trial. JAMA Internal Medicine. 2026.

3. Wilding JPH, et al. Weight Regain and Cardiometabolic Effects After Withdrawal of Semaglutide: The STEP 1 Trial Extension. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 2022.

4. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Prescribing, Reviewing and Stopping Tirzepatide.

5. World Health Organization. Guideline on GLP-1 Therapies for the Long-Term Treatment of Obesity. 2025.

6. Pedersen SD, et al. Pharmacotherapy for Obesity Management in Adults: 2025 Clinical Practice Guideline Update. CMAJ. 2025.

7. Official information: https://www.wegovy.com/ and https://mounjaro.lilly.com/ and https://www.ozempic.com/

   
   

Disclaimer:The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The content is not intended to be a comprehensive source of information and should not be relied upon as such. Reliance on any information provided in this article is solely at your own risk. The authors and the publisher do not endorse or recommend any specific tests, physicians, products, procedures, opinions, or other information that may be mentioned in the article. Any reliance on the information in this article is solely at the reader's own risk.